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rev 1.6 6/11/04 1 of 12 www.xicor.com digitally controlled potentiometer (xdcp ) x93154 features solid-state potentiometer 3-wire serial interface 32 wiper tap points wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory and recalled on power-up 31 resistive elements ? emperature compensated maximum resistance tolerance of ?30% ? erminal voltage, 0 to v cc ? ow power cmos ? cc = 3v?0% active current, 250? max. standby current, 1? max. high reliability endurance 200,000 data changes per bit register data retention, 100 years ? total value = 50k ? ?ac kages 8-lead msop, fcp, tdfn description the xicor x93154 is a digitally controlled potentiome- ter (xdcp). the device consists of a resistor array, wiper switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. the wiper position is controlled by a 3-wire interface. the potentiometer is implemented by a resistor array composed of 31 resistive elements and a wiper switch- ing network. the position of the wiper element is con- trolled by the cs , u/d , and inc inputs. the position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up opera- tion. the device is connected as a two-terminal variable resistor and can be used in a wide variety of applica- tions including: bias and gain control lcd contrast adjustment a pplication n ote a v a i l a b l e an20 ?an42?3 ?an71 ?an73 ?an88 ?an91?2 ?an99 ?an115 ?an120 ?an124 ?an133 ?an134 ?an135 xdcp is a trademark of xicor, inc. low noise, low power, 32 taps block diagram 5-bit up/down counter 5-bit nonvolatile memory store and recall control circuitry one of decoder resistor array r h u/d inc cs transfer gates thirty v cc v ss r l control and memory up/down (u/d ) increment (inc ) device select (cs ) v cc (supply voltage) v ss (ground) r h general detailed 0 1 2 28 29 30 31 two r l 30k
2 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 pin configuration x93154 ordering codes pin descriptions ordering number rtotal package temperature range X93154UX8I-3 50kohm 8-bump flipchip package -40? to +85? x93154um8i-3 50kohm 8-lead msop package -40? to +85? X93154UX8I-3-e1 50kohm 8-bump flipchip package pb-free -40? to +85? x93154um8i-3-e3 50kohm 8-lead msop package pb-free -40? to +85? msop tdfn symbol brief description 1 inc increment (inc ) . the inc input is negative-edge triggered. toggling inc will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the u/d input. 2u/d up/down (u/d ) . the u/d input controls the direction of the wiper movement and whether the counter is incremented or decremented. 3r h r h . the r h and r l pins of the x93154 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is v ss and the maximum is v cc . the terminology of r h and r l references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input. 4v ss ground . 5nc no connection . (or can be connected to any voltage between v ss and v cc .) 6r l r l . the r h and r l pins of the x93154 are equivalent to the fixed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is v ss and the maximum is v cc . the terminology of r h and r l references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input. 7cs chip select (cs ) . the device is selected when the cs input is low. the current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when cs is returned high while the inc input is also high. after the store operation is complete, the x93154 will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. 8v cc supply voltage . 1 nc can be left unconnected, or connected to any voltage between v ss and v cc . v cc cs inc u/d r h v ss 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 x93154 msop r l nc 1 *contact factory for fcp fcp* v cc cs inc u/d r h v ss x93154 tdfn** r l nc 1 **contact factory for tdfn ordering info. 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5
3 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 absolute maximum ratings t emperature under bias ....................?5 c to +135 c storage temperature ........................ ?5? to +150? v oltage on cs , inc , u/d , r h , r l and v cc with respect to v ss ..............................?v to +6.5v lead temperature (soldering 10 seconds)......... 300? maximum resistor current..................................... 2ma comment stresses above those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; the functional operation of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this speci? cation) is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum r ating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. recommended operating conditions potentiometer characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.) notes: (1) absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage = (v h(n) (actual)? h(n) (expected)) = ? ml maximum. n = 1 .. 29 only (2) relative linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = v h(n+1) ?v h(n) + ml] = ?.5 ml, n = 1 .. 29 only. (3) 1 ml = minimum increment = r tot /31. (4) typical values are for t a = 25? and nominal supply voltage. (5) this parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested (6) typical values are for t a = 25? and nominal supply voltage. (7) this parameter is not 100% tested. (8) when performing multiple write operations, v cc m ust not decrease by more than 150mv from its initial value. temperature min. max. industrial ?0? +85? supply voltage (v cc ) limits x9315 4 3v ?0% (8) symbol parameter limits test conditions/notes min. typ. max. unit r tot end to end resistance 35 50 65 k ? v r r h , r l terminal voltages 0 v cc v power rating 1 mw (7) r total = 50 k ? noise -120 dbv (7) ref: 1khz r w wiper resistance 1000 ? (5) (6) i w wiper current 0.6 ma (5) (6) resolution 3 % absolute linearity (1) ? mi (3) v h(n)(actual) ? h(n)(expected) relative linearity (2) ?.5 mi (3) v h(n+1) ?v h(n)+mi ] r total temperature coefficient ?5 ppm/? (7) c h /c l /c w potentiometer capacitances 10/10/25 pf (7) see circuit #3
x93154 4 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com d.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise speci?d.) endurance and data retention test circuit #1 circuit #2 spice macro model a.c. conditions of test symbol parameter limits unit test conditions min. typ. (4) max. i cc1 v cc active current (increment) 50 250 ? cs = v il , u/d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v @ max. t cyc i cc2 v cc active current (store) (eeprom store) 600 ? cs = v ih , u/d = v il or v ih and inc = v ih @ max. t wr i sb standby supply current 1 a cs = v cc ?0.3v, u/d and inc = v ss or v cc ?0.3v i li cs ? ? v in = v cc i li cs 60 100 150 ? v cc = 3v, cs = 0 i li inc , u/d input leakage current ? ? v in = v ss to v cc v ih cs , inc , u/d input high voltage v cc x 0.7 v cc + 0.5 v v il cs , inc , u/d input low voltage ?.5 v cc x 0.1 v c in (5)(7) cs , inc , u/d input capacitance 10 pf v cc = 3v, v in = v ss , t a = 25?, f = 1mhz parameter min. unit minimum endurance 200,000 data changes per bit data retention 100 years v l test point v h /r h c h c l 10pf 10pf r h r total c w 25pf r l input pulse levels 0v to 3v input rise and fall times 10ns input reference levels 1.5v
5 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 a.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified) power up and down requirements there are no restrictions on the power-up or power-down conditions of v cc and the voltages applied to the potenti- ometer pins provided that v cc is always more positive than or equal to v h and v l , i.e., v cc v h, v l . the v cc r amp r ate spec is always in effect. a.c. timing symbol parameter limits unit min. typ. (6) max. t cl cs to inc setup 100 ns t ld inc high to u/d change 100 ns t di u/d to inc setup 100 ns t ll inc low period 1 s t lh inc high period 1 s t lc inc inactive to cs inactive 1 s t cph cs deselect time (no store) 250 ns t cph cs deselect time (store) 10 ms t cyc inc cycle time 2 s t r , t f (7) inc input rise and fall time 500 ? t r v cc (7) v cc power-up rate 1.0 10,000 v/ms t wr store cycle 5 10 ms cs inc u/d t ci t il t ih t cyc t id t di t ic t cph t f t r 10% 90% 90% (store)
x93154 6 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com pin descriptions r h and r l the r h and r l pins of the x93154 are equivalent to the ?ed terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum voltage is v ss and the maximum is v cc . the terminology of r h and r l references the relative posi- tion of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direc- tion selected by the u/d input. up/down (u/d ) the u/d input controls the direction of the wiper move- ment and whether the counter is incremented or decre- mented. increment (inc ) the inc input is negative-edge triggered. toggling inc will move the wiper and either increment or decrement the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the u/d input. chip select (cs ) the device is selected when the cs input is low. the current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when cs is returned high while the inc input is also high. after the store operation is complete the x93154 will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. pin configuration pin names principles of operation there are three sections of the x93154: the input con- trol, counter and decode section; the nonvolatile mem- ory; and the resistor array. the input control section operates just like an up/down counter. the output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single electronic s witch connecting a point on the resistor array to the wiper output. under the proper conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in nonvolatile memory and retained for future use. the resistor array is comprised of 31 individual resistors connected in series. at either end of the array and between each resistor is an elec- tronic switch that transfers the connection at that point to the wiper. the wiper, when at either ?ed terminal, acts like its mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last position. that is, the counter does not wrap around when clocked to either extreme. if the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for t iw (inc to v w change). the 2-terminal resistance value for the device can tem- porarily change by a signi?ant amount if the wiper is moved several positions. when the device is powered-down, the last wiper posi- tion stored will be maintained in the nonvolatile mem- ory. when power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled and the wiper is set to the value last stored. v cc cs inc u/d r h /v h v ss 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 x93154 msop r l /v l nc * * nc = no connect. can be connected to any voltage between v ss and v cc , or left unconnected. symbol description r h high terminal r l low terminal v ss ground v cc supply voltage u/d up/down control input inc increment control input cs chip select control input
7 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 instructions and programming the inc , u/d and cs inputs control the movement of the wiper along the resistor array. with cs set low the device is selected and enabled to respond to the u/d and inc inputs. high to low transitions on inc will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the u/d input) a ?e bit counter. the output of this counter is decoded to select one of thirty two wiper positions along the resistive array. the value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile mem- ory whenever cs transitions high while the inc input is also high. in order to avoid an accidental store dur- ing power-up, cs m ust go high with v cc during initial power-up. when performing multiple write operations, v cc m ust not decrease by more than 150mv from its initial value. when left open, the cs pin is internally pulled up to v cc by an internal 30k resistor. the system may select the x93154, move the wiper and deselect the device without having to store the lat- est wiper position in nonvolatile memory. after the wiper movement is performed as described above and once the new position is reached, the system must k eep inc low while taking cs high. the new wiper position will be maintained until changed by the system or until a power-up/down cycle recalled the previously stored data. in order to recall the stored position of the wiper on power-up, the cs pin must be held high. this procedure allows the system to always power-up to a preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during system operation minor adjustments could be made. the adjustments might be based on user prefer- ence, system parameter changes due to temperature drift, or other system trim requirements. the state of u/d may be changed while cs remains low. this allows the host system to enable the device and then move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained. mode selection symbol table cs inc u/d mode lh wiper up ll wiper down hx store wiper position hx x standby current lx no store, return to standby lh wiper up (not recommended) ll wiper down (not recommended) waveform inputs outputs must be steady will be steady may change from low to high will change from low to high may change from high to low will change from high to low don? care: changes allowed changing: state not known n/a center line is high impedance
8 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 applications information electronic digitally controlled (xdcp) potentiometers provide three powerful application advantages; (1) the va r iability and reliability of a solid-state potentiometer (2) the ?xibility of computer-based digital controls, and (3) the retentivity of nonvolatile memory used for the storage of multiple potentiometer settings or data. low voltage high impedance instrumentation amplifier micro-power lcd contrast control v r tw o terminal variable resistor. i + u1a 10k 50k + u1c gain = 50k 10k 1 + 50k r total ) ( u1 = lt1467 v out 50k + u1b 10k 50k 50k x93154 (r total ) 10k + 10k v in 3.3v + u1a 100k 300k + u1b 1 + 100k 50k + r total ) ( u1 = lmc6042 v out = -3.88 ?2v 100k x93154 (r total ) 240k 3.3v 100k 3.3v 50k v out = -2.75v to -11.6v
9 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 applications information (continued) single supply variable gain amplifier gain = r total 10k + u1 20k 3.3v 20k 3.3v v out u1 = lmc6042 10k v in x93154 (r total )
10 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 packaging information 0.118 ?0.002 (3.00 ?0.05) 0.040 ?0.002 (1.02 ?0.05) 0.150 (3.81) ref. 0.193 (4.90) 0.030 (0.76) 0.036 (0.91) 0.032 (0.81) 0.007 (0.18) 0.005 (0.13) 0.008 (0.20) 0.004 (0.10) 0.0216 (0.55) 7?typ. r 0.014 (0.36) 0.118 ?0.002 (3.00 ?0.05) 0.012 + 0.006 / -0.002 (0.30 + 0.15 / -0.05) 0.0256 (0.65) typ. 8-lead miniature small outline gull wing package type m note: 1. all dimensions in inches and (millimeters) 0.220" 0.0256" typical 0.025" typical 0.020" typical 8 places footprint ref.
11 of 12 rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 8 bump fcp package symbol min nominal max millimeters package width a 0.960 0.990 1.020 package length b 0.940 0.970 1.000 package height c 0.700 0.730 0.760 body thickness d 0.620 0.630 0.640 ball height e 0.085 0.100 0.115 ball diameter f 0.100 0.115 0.130 bump name x coordinate, ? y coordinate, ? 1 incb -153.70 377.00 2 vcc 257.50 375.60 3 udb -382.00 123.20 4 csb 382.00 114.50 5r l 382.00 -136.30 6r h -382.00 -275.10 7 vss -115.30 -377.00 8n c 190.10 -377.00 a b c d f e e bottom view (bumped side) side view side view 1 2 34 6 5 78 agh yww
characteristics subject to change without notice. 12 of 12 limited warranty devices sold by xicor, inc. are covered by the warranty and patent indemni?ation provisions appearing in its terms of sale onl y. xicor, inc. makes no warranty, e xpress, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the descr ibed devices from patent infringement. xicor, inc. makes no warranty of merchantability or ?ness for any purpose. xicor, inc. reserves the right to discontinue produ ction and change speci?ations and prices at any time and without notice. xicor, inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a xicor, inc. product. no o ther circuits, patents, or licenses are implied. trademark disclaimer: xicor and the xicor logo are registered trademarks of xicor, inc. autostore, direct write, block lock, serialflash, mps, biaslo ck and xdcp are also trademarks of xicor, inc. all others belong to their respective owners. u .s. patents xicor products are covered by one or more of the following u.s. patents: 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475; 4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846; 4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829,482; 4,874,967; 4,883,976; 4,980,859; 5,012,132; 5,003,197; 5,023,694; 5,084, 667; 5,153,880; 5,153,691; 5,161,137; 5,219,774; 5,270,927; 5,324,676; 5,434,396; 5,544,103; 5,587,573; 5,835,409; 5,977,585. foreign patents and addition al patents pending. life related policy in situations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life, system designers using this product should design the sy stem with appropriate error detection and correction, redundancy and back-up features to prevent such an occurrence. xicors products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems. 1. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) sup port or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to res ult in a signi?ant injury to the user. 2. a critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. ?icor, inc. 2003 patents pending rev 1.6 6/11/04 www.xicor.com x93154 tdfn packaging information 0.750.05 1.300.10 1.50 ref. (2x) 0.250.05 (8x) 0.400.10 dap size 1.6 x 1.3 0.50 typ. (6x) 2.000.10 (s) 0.20 ref. 0.0?.05 pin 1 index area 2.500.10 (s)

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